Description
ruby-jwt is a Ruby implementation of the RFC 7519 OAuth JSON Web Token standard. Prior to 2.10.3 and 3.2.0, JWT.decode(token, '', true, algorithm: 'HS256') accepts an attacker-forged token because OpenSSL::HMAC.digest('SHA256', '', payload) returns a valid digest under an empty key and no empty-key precondition exists in the HMAC algorithm. The same path is reached when a keyfinder block or key_finder: argument returns an empty string, nil, or an array containing nil for an unknown key, affecting HS256, HS384, and HS512 verification through JWT.decode and JWT::EncodedToken#verify_signature!. This issue is fixed in versions 2.10.3 and 3.2.0.
References
- www.cve.org/CVERecord ↗
- nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2026-45363 ↗
- github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/commit/9820020869ad147b941e49d96ab8beba35532964 ↗
- github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/commit/db560b769a07bd9724e77ff505011ac01872106f ↗
- github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/releases/tag/v2.10.3 ↗
- github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/releases/tag/v3.2.0 ↗
- github.com/jwt/ruby-jwt/security/advisories/GHSA-c32j-vqhx-rx3x ↗
- lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2026/09/msg00022.html ↗
Related CVEs
← CVE Index: search every CVE from the last 30 days
This product uses the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. CVSS scores do not establish exploitation.